Answer:
5 seconds
Explanation:
Given that :
Message size = 16kb
Packet size = 2kb
Speed = 4kbps
Number of links = 3
The time taken is calculated using the formula :
[Number of packets + (Number of links - 1)] * (packet size / speed)
Number of packets = message size / packet size
Number of packets = 16kb / 2 kb = 8
Hence,
[Number of packets + (Number of links - 1)] * (packet size / speed)
(8 + (3 - 1)) * (2 / 4)
(8 + 2) * (1 /2)
10 * 1/2
= 5 seconds
