Answer:
So I can't actually put a picture in, put heres the easiest way to understand this. If it says y-1, take the coordinates for y, and subtract 1. do that to all of them, not just 1. For example, R is 4,1. To translate it, you would take the y coordinate (1) and subtract 1. We know to do this because it shows translation x,y)->(x,y-1). Thus, the new point would be 4,0. apply this to all of the points.
